The first generation of offspring from a cross-fertilization of individuals.

The offspring from the cross-fertilization of individuals from the F1 generation.

Prokaryotes that can exist with or without oxygen.

See oviduct.

An inhibition of activity due to the production of an end product of the action. Also called feedback mechanism.

Any of a group of chemical reactions that split complex organic compounds into relatively simple substances, especially the anaerobic conversion of sugar to carbon dioxide and alcohol by yeast. Catabolism of macromolecules in the absence of oxygen.

Impregnation; union of male and female gametes to form the diploid zygote, leading to development of a new individual.

The developing young in the uterus, specifically the unborn offspring in the postembryonic period, in humans from nine weeks after fertilization until birth.

An elastic, insoluble, whitish protein derived from fibrinogen by the action of thrombin and forming an interlacing fibrous network in the coagulation of blood.

In the nephron, the process by which blood plasma is forced (under high pressure) out of the glomerulus into the Bowman\'s capsule. Also, a process used to separate and purify aqueous solutions.

The use of a fixative to preserve histological or cytological specimens.

A long, mobile, whiplike appendage arising from a basal body at the surface of a cell, serving as a locomotor organelle; in eukaryotic cells, flagella contain nine pairs of microtubules arrayed around a central pair; in bacteria, they contain tightly wound strands of flagellin.